Gelderland is one of the most diverse provinces in the Netherlands. Its landscape alternates between the vast Veluwe, historic castles, and clear, almost tropical lakes.
Yet the province also holds a unique historical record. Hidden in the woods lies Staverden, a fairy-tale castle village with just 30 residents that has held official city rights since 1298, making it the smallest city in our country.
How Staverden Became the Smallest City in the Netherlands
In 1298 , Count Reinoud I of Gelre dreamed of a mighty medieval city that would rise deep within the Veluwe forests. He proudly granted Staverden city rights, but the ambitious plans soon ran aground. The expected growth failed to materialize, and the dream turned into a quiet castle village.
Yet the parchment charters never disappeared. While the picturesque town of Bronkhorst often takes the credit for being the smallest town, Staverden formally holds the actual documents. With barely thirty residents, this place feels both strange and enchanting today.
Staverden Castle and a centuries-old royal tradition
It’s no coincidence thatStaverden Castle is known as the “White Peacock Castle.” Since the fourteenth century, the residents of the estate have been required to care for white peacocks. In the Middle Ages, their impressive feathers served as decoration on the Gelderland duke’s war helmet.
Today, the estate is open to the public for hikers who want to experience its magical atmosphere for themselves. The historic feudal obligation has been transformed into an honorable Gelderland tradition, in which the collected peacock feathers are awarded every two years to individuals who have rendered outstanding service to culture and nature conservation.
The Dark Legend and the National Historic Monuments of Staverden
In addition to its regal splendor, the castle estate also has a dark side. According to a centuries-old folk legend, the ghost of Leonora van Barchem—better known as the Black Lady of Staverden—still roams the grounds. She died in the Middle Ages of a broken heart after her love proved impossible.
Its melancholic story stands in striking contrast to the idyllic setting. With no fewer than 45 national monuments, including a historic watermill and characteristic farmhouses, the protected village landscape of Staverden offers an enchanting blend of history, nature, and folk culture.
